Steam-warming apparatus



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

E. T. INGALLS AND JAS. R. NICHOLS, OF HAVERHILL, MASSACHUSETTS.

STEAM-WARMING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 20,068, dated April 27, 1858-.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, ELIAS T. INGALLs and JAMES R. NIoI-roLs, ofHaverhill, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in the Construction ofSteam-Varming Apparatus; and we do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the nature and operation of thesame, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of thisspecification.

Figure 1, is a perspective view of the whole arrangement, A being theportable steam generating apparatus, which is so constructed that thetop and outside cylinder may be removed, showing the interiorarrangement of boiler, grate, furnace, flue, &c. C, C, C, show placesfor attachment of pipes for conveyance of steam to radiators. B is aradiator made with a hinge so that it may be opened to show its interiorconstruction.

Fig. 2, is designed to show more clearly the construction of the devicefor feeding water to the boiler.

Fig. 3, is a sectional view of the steam generator, exhibiting itsinterior arrange ment and construction.

The large and small letters of each figure will more fully explain thedifferent parts.

D, is the ash door, which exposes and covers two openings, one F intothe chamber around the boiler, the other G, into the ash pit. E is thepartition.which divides them.

H, H, H, is a pipe leading from the bottom of the boiler to a point twofeet above the top of the same, which is allowed to remain open, and towhich is affixed the device for controlling the valves, which admit airto the furnace, and to the flue around the boiler. This device consistsof the metallic vessel I holding about one quart of water, the flexiblepipe J, the rod K, spiral spring L, tube M. superior and inferior valves0, 0, spring P, small annular pieces of metal Q, Q, soldered to rod K.

i The device for feeding water into the boiler consists of the reservoirR which may,

or may not be attached to pipe H, H, H, the

bent metallic pipe S, flexible rubber pipe T made to subserve thepurposes of a valve, by the action of the pieces of metal U, U, the rodV connected with the vessel WV to which pipes Z, Z, are attached forminga communication with the boiler at Y, Y. t t are rods ing the pipes inplace.

X, is a cover through which fuel is fed to the furnace.

v is a safety valve, so constructed as to lift I attached to the base ofapparatus, for holdreadily at 1-1- pounds pressure to the square inch.

In Fig. 2, similar letters refer to similar parts as in Fig. 1.

In Fig. 3, i i z i show the form of construction, and arrangement of theboiler, the arrows indicating the draft and the direction of the smokeand heated gases, circulating over and around the boiler. is, is, 71:, acylinder of iron, which is made to move freely up and down in anothercylinder 7' j 7' for the purpose of increasing or diminishing the amountof fuel to be kept in a state of combustion. m, m, m, is a ratchetdevice for graduating the cylinders, and keeping it in place. which toplace the hand when changing its position. a, n, is unignited coal,which from its position above the draft cannot burn, until by itsgravity and the consumption of coal, it falls below the opening of thegraduating cylinder which contains it. 0, 0, is coal within theinfluence of draft and consequently ignited. 72, p, a circle of firebrick upon which the boiler rests. q q the grate, turned by the handle9". s, s, s, s, the external cylinder which incloses the boiler, andforms the smoke passage over its exterior surface.

In the heat radiator, connected with Fig,

and stretch across all the flutings and hold them in place. 0, is a knobof metal connected with the rod 6, upon which to place the hand, whenopening or closing the valve f. (Z, is a packing screw steam tight,through which the rod e passes. metallic socket attached to the steampipe, into which the valve f, enters, and a tight joint is made byrubber packing. f, is a metallic plug valve for the admission of g, is aZ, the handle upon' steam to the radiator, and is opened and INGALLS &NICHOLS.

Steam Heater. M

No. 2-0,068.- Patented April 27, 1858.

e Films moum w, Wnhinflm. b. a

go, and so turned that-it will be held in place, by the ratchet devicem, m. In the severe weather of winter when more heat is required, it maybe raised so as to place a larger body of coal within the influence ofdraft. The low state of combustion in which the coal is maintained,together with the cooling properties of the unignited mass in closecontact with it, will serve to prevent the rapid oxidation of thecylinder. Should it however in process of time become burned, anotherone can be readily supplied by removing the top of the apparatus andaflixing it.

The form of fire grate which we prefer is one that is constructed in twoparts turning upon axles in the center so that one part may bemaintained in place to support the coal while the other is let down thatthe ash may fall. This adjusted, the other half is turned so that theash may be removed, while that part of the grate supports thesuperincumbent mass of coal. With the use of this form of grate, thefire may not be allowed to be extinguished during an entire season. Wehave not shown it in the drawings.

In admitting steam to flow to the radiators in diiferent apartments itwill be necessary to open the valve f, by placing the hand upon knob c,and drawing up the rod. The air cock It must also be opened, to let theair pass out of the radiator. To shut off steam,

thrust down the knob c.

The boiler is of the utmost simplicity of construction being simply adouble cylinder, without tubes, chambers or flues. By its arrangement incombination with cylinders, a draft flue is formed, which compels theflame and heated gases to travel up in close contact with its interiorsurface, across its top, and down upon its exterior, to near the supportupon which it rests, thus bringing the whole influence of heat to bearupon it, producing great efficiency and power in operation. The top ofthe apparatus can be lifted, removing the cylinders and exposing theboiler for repairs, with great ease.

The apparatus can be constructed no larger than a parlor stovesufficient for warming two or three rooms, or it may be made ofsuflicient capacity, to heat large public buildings.

The size or arrangement of radiators, does not differ from others inuse. The peculiarity consists in the method adopted to maintain theflutings in position, when subjected to steam pressure, and in the formof stop cock for controlling the supply of steam, without the flutingsor corrugations or some equivalent device in the iron plates, unpleasantnoises would be produced, by the contraction and expansion of the metalsby heat, and without the strips of met-a1 passing across, holding themin place they would be distended and obliterated by the force of steampressure. The form of construction of radiators is cheap and ornamental.The stop cock device possesses three advantages over all others in use.First, it can be operated without stooping down to the floor. Second, itis so attached to the radiators that it cannot leak, a source of muchtrouble, third, it can be constructed at less cost. These advantagesrender it an important addition to radiators.

We are aware that steam warming apparatus has been constructed,consisting of boiler, pipes and radiators, with automatic devices forregulating draft, and water supply, and also with valves opening intothe chamber around the boiler for purposes similar to ours, but theconstruction and arrangement of them, essentially differ so far as ourknowledge extends.

We claim 1. The device as set forth, for increasing or diminishing thecapacity of the fire chamber, so as to maintain a larger or smalleramount of fuel in a state of combustion.

2. We claim vessel I in connection with flexible pipe J, and spring Loperating together as described, for controlling a valve or valvesaflixed to boilers, for regulating steam pressure. We disclaim soconnecting this arrangement, as to control dampers in the smoke flue anddraft, in the manner embraced in C. Davenports patent of March 11th,1856.

3. We claim the device, constructed essentially as described forsupplying water to the boiler.

4. We claim in the construction of fluted or corrugated radiators ofthin plates of iron, placing across the corrugations strips of metalsecurely fastened, and for the purposes as set forth.

ELIAS T. INGALLS.

JAMES R. NICHOLS.

Witnesses JAMES GALE, JAMES E. GALE.

